This review summarizes recent progress and emerging trends in multiparameter optical fiber sensing, emphasizing techniques that enable the simultaneous measurement of temperature, strain, acoustic waves, pressure, and other environmental quantities within a single sensing network. Such capabilities. Distributed optical fiber sensors characterized by spatially resolved measurements along a single continuous strand of optical fiber have undergone significant improvements in underlying technologies and application scenarios, representing the highest state of the art in optical sensing. This work. ually monitored components and processes to data-driven solutions. At the heart of this transformation is predictive maintenance, which relies on simultaneous, real-time monitoring of key operational parameters such as temp rature and vibration to anticipate and prevent equipment failures. In this. By upscaling the dimension of collected data, distributed sensors are essential in enabling large-scale data acquisition for “big data” systems, and optical fibers offer a unique, highly effective platform for distributed sensing.
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